Acronyms and Definitions
A | B | C
| D | E | F |
G | H | I | J | K | L | M
| N | O | P | Q| R | S
| T | U | V | W
| X | Y | Z
A
ASWIPCA—Association
of State and Interstate Water Pollution Control Administrators
At sea/open ocean—Ocean
limit defined as greater than 12 nautical miles from shore. (See
also contiguous zone).
B
Ballast water—Seawater
is used by vessels to provide stability, to adjust the vessel's
draft for various loading conditions, and to position the ship
to on-load or off-load amphibious vehicles. Generally, seawater
is provided to the ballast tanks by a combination of flooding
from the sea through valves in the tanks and from the firemain.
Clean ballast—Seawater
taken into, and discharged from, dedicated ballast tanks to
maintain the stability of the vessel and to adjust the buoyancy
of submarines.
Bilgewater [Surface
Vessel Bilgewater/Oil-Water Separator Effluent]—The
wastewater from a variety of sources that accumulates in the
lowest part of the vessel (the bilge), and the effluent produced
when the wastewater is processed by an oil water separator.
Boiler blowdown—Periodically,
water must be removed from a boiler to control buildup of particulates,
sludge, and treatment chemical concentration. The process of
removing this water is referred to as boiler blowdown. Boiler
blowdown can also refer to the discharged water itself.
C
Chain Locker Effluent—The
accumulated precipitation and seawater that is emptied from the
compartment used to store the vessel’s anchor chain.
ChAR—Characterization
Analysis Report—Phase I results, Phase II sampling, literature
searches, and input from ship systems experts are used to describe
the physical and chemical properties of each discharge. This analysis
is documented in a Characterization Analysis Report (ChAR) identifying
the chemical constituents, constituent concentrations, flow rates,
and other parameters.
CIA—Cumulative
Impact Analysis—Considers environmental impacts that are the result of multiple discharges from multiple vessels into one or more ports. These impacts, including some which are more complex than near-field acute toxicological effects addressed in the environmental
effects analyses, are considered for all discharges of a batch,
including the discharges of any prior batches.
Compensated fuel ballast—Seawater
taken into, and discharged from, ballast tanks designed to hold
both ballast water and fuel to maintain the stability of the vessel.
Contiguous zone—The
zone of the ocean extending from 3 nautical miles (nm) to 12
nautical miles from shore.
Cooling water—Most
vessels use seawater to remove heat from vessel systems. The
seawater is drawn from the ocean either directly via a hull
connection (sea chest), or indirectly via the firemain pump
and passed through a heat exchanger. The seawater is then discharged
back into the ocean, usually below the waterline.
CWA—Clean
Water Act
CZMA—Coastal
Zone Management Act
D
DAR—Discharge
Assessment Report—Report summarizing all of the Phase II analytical
results from the technical analyses (ChAR, EEAR, and FIAR) for each
discharge. The DAR also includes an evaluation of applicable U.S.
laws and international standards, and is used to assist the Navy
and EPA in the development of MPCD performance standards.
DAT—Discharge
Assessment Team—Collaborative group of Navy, EPA, USCG, and
other interested Federal organizations responsible for a single
discharge. Its function is to conduct technical analyses and develop
the technical documents required by the UNDS Phase II technical
process. The DATs also compile sections of the Phase II Technical
Development Document.
Dirty ballast—The
seawater taken into, and discharged from, empty fuel tanks to maintain
the stability of the vessel.
DoD—Department of Defense
E
ECOS—Environmental
Council of States
EEAR—Environmental
Effects Analysis Report—Results from the environmental effects
analysis (EEA) assessing the environmental impacts of both the controlled
and uncontrolled discharge are documented in an Environmental Effects
Analysis Report (EEAR). The EEAR includes comparisons of discharge
parameters to water quality criteria or other regulatory limits,
annual mass loadings, and toxicity. Additionally, the potential
for the release of bioaccumulators, human pathogens, or nonindigenous
species is assessed.
Elevator Pit Effluent—The
liquid that accumulates in, and is discharged from, the sumps of
elevator wells on vessels.
EPA—Environmental
Protection Agency
ESA—Endangered
Species Act—Federal agencies must consult with Fish and Wildlife
Service (FWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) representatives
to ensure their actions do not jeopardize the continued existence
of threatened species or adversely modify designated critical habitats
(Section 7).
F
FIAR—Feasibility
Impact Analysis Report—Each MPCD option group that passes
the screen is analyzed to determine the practicability, operational
impacts, and the costs of installing and using the MPCD on Armed
Forces vessels. A Feasibility Impact Analysis Report (FIAR) documents
the analysis results
FWS—Fish and
Wildlife Service—is the principal Federal agency responsible
for conserving, protecting and enhancing fish, wildlife and plants
and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people.
G
GIS—Geographic
Information System
Graywater—Galley,
bath, and shower water, as well as wastewater from lavatory sinks,
laundry, interior deck drains, water fountains, and shop sinks.
H
Hull coating leachate—The
constituents that leach, dissolve, ablate, or erode from the
paint on the hull into the surrounding seawater.
M
MPCD—Marine
Pollution Control Devices—any equipment or management
practice designed to treat, retain, or control discharges incidental
to the normal operation of an Armed Forces' vessel.
MSD—Marine
Sanitation Devices—devices used to control or process
sewage.
N
Navigable waters—As
defined by 40 CFR 110.1, means the waters of the United States,
including the territorial seas. The term includes:
(a) All waters that are currently used, were
used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate
or foreign commerce, including all waters that are subject
to the ebb and flow of the tide;
(b) Interstate waters, including interstate
wetlands;
(c) All other waters such as intrastate lakes,
rivers, streams (including intermittent streams), mudflats,
sandflats, and wetlands, the use, degradation, or destruction
of which would affect or could affect interstate or foreign
commerce including any such waters:
- That are or could be used by interstate
or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes;
- From which fish or shellfish are or could
be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce;
- That are used or could be used for industrial
purposes by industries in interstate commerce;
(d) All impoundments of waters otherwise defined
as navigable waters under this section;
(e) Tributaries of waters identified in paragraphs
(a) through (d) of this definition, including adjacent wetlands;
and
(f) Wetlands adjacent to waters identified
in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this definition:
Provided, that waste treatment systems (other than cooling
ponds meeting the criteria of this paragraph) are not waters
of the United States.
NDAA—National
Defense Authorization Act
NMFS—National
Marine Fisheries Service - is a part of the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NMFS, also known as "NOAA
Fisheries", administers domestic and international conservation
and management of living marine resources. NMFS provides services
and products to support domestic and international fisheries
management operations, fisheries development, trade and industry
assistance activities, enforcement, protected species and habitat
conservation operations, and the scientific and technical aspects
of NOAA's marine fisheries program.
NOAA—National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - tracks dangerous weather,
charts our seas and skies, guides our use and protection of
ocean and coastal resources, and conducts research to improve
our understanding and stewardship of the environment.
NOD—Nature
of Discharge
P
Photographic Laboratory Drain—The
laboratory wastewater resulting from processing of photographic
film.
PMT—Program
Management Team—Established for the UNDS rulemaking effort.
The PMT monitors the UNDS Program progress to schedule and budget,
and reviews and approves all preambles and proposed rules prior
to submitting them to the Senior Executive Panel (SEP) for review.
The PMT is responsible for resolving issues that cannot be resolved
at the Integration Team (IT) level and raising unresolved issues
to the SEP for resolution.
S
Special areas—International
Maritime Organization's "International Convention for the Prevention
of Pollution from Ships" (MARPOL) designated environmentally
sensitive areas where special international provisions are established
to afford additional protection.
MARPOL Annex I—Establishes
special areas in which all discharge of oil from oil tankers
and other ships in excess of 400 gross tons is prohibited.
Annex I special areas include the Mediterranean Sea, the Baltic
Sea, the Black Sea and the Antarctic area.
MARPOL Annex V—Designates
special areas where virtually no solid waste discharge is
permitted. Three Annex V special areas are in effect internationally:
the Baltic Sea, the North Sea and the Antarctic Region.
T
Territorial seas—Defined
in section 502(8) of the Clean Water Act to be the belt of the
seas measured from the line of ordinary low water along that
portion of the coast which is in direct contact with the open
sea and the line marking the seaward limit of inland waters,
and extending seaward a distance of 3 nautical miles. (See also
contiguous zone).
TWG—Technical
Working Group—established for the UNDS rulemaking effort.
The TWG supports the technical and scientific activity of the rulemaking
process including the identification of discharges requiring control
and MPCD performance standards. The TWG develops the technical approaches
to support these efforts.
U
UCC—UNDS Consultation
Committee – Established for the UNDS Phase II rulemaking effort.
The UCC provides an avenue for consultation with Federal agencies;
advises on outreach with interested States, Territories, and Tribal
governments that may be affected by UNDS; and facilitates information
exchange with other organizations interested in the development
of UNDS.
W
Weather deck runoff—The
precipitation, washdowns, and seawater falling on the weather
deck of a vessel and discharged overboard through deck openings.
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